| CODE | CHE3255 | ||||||||||||
| TITLE | Organic Chemistry 3 | ||||||||||||
| UM LEVEL | 03 - Years 2, 3, 4 in Modular Undergraduate Course | ||||||||||||
| MQF LEVEL | 6 | ||||||||||||
| ECTS CREDITS | 5 | ||||||||||||
| DEPARTMENT | Chemistry | ||||||||||||
| DESCRIPTION | 1. Chemistry of Aliphatic Nitrogen Compounds. Amines: names, properties and methods of preparation including Gabriel synthesis, reductive amination, Hofmann degradation, and Beckmann rearrangement. Reactions of amines: basicity, Schiff bases; oxidation. Cope elimination. Quaternary ammonium compounds: Hofmann exhaustive methylation, Phase Transfer Catalysis. Formation of sulfonamides: Hinsberg method for separating amines. Mannich reaction. Nitrosation of amines: N-nitrosamines and diazonium ions. Diazomethane, carbenes and cyclopropane synthesis. 2. Chemistry of Aromatic Compounds. Properties and nomenclature. Benzene and aromaticity. Huckel`s rule and charged molecules. Mechanism of typical electrophilic aromatic substitutions: nitration, halogenation, sulfonation, Friedel-Crafts reactions. Sulfonic Acids: reactions including desulfonation and formation of sulfonamides. Effect of substituents on reactivity and orientation in electrophilic substitutions: o/p ratios. Synthetic strategies. Alkylbenzenes. Free radical substitutions. Aryl Halides: properties, comparison with vinyl halides. Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitutions: Addition-Elimination Mechanism and Benzyne Mechanism. Oxidation and reduction of Aromatic Compounds. 3. Phenols. Phenols: Preparative techniques. Naturally occurring phenols. Properties: acidity. Reactivity: Electrophilic Substitution of Phenols, ether and ester formation, Claisen rearrangement, Kolbe reaction, bakelite formation, oxidation, Quinones. 4. Aromatic Amines. Names and Methods of preparation. Properties: basicity, acylation, ring substitution, reaction with nitrous acid, oxidation. Diazonium compounds: reactions including replacement, Gomberg, etc. Coupling reactions and azo dyes. 5. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Isolated versus condensed systems. Naphthalene and derivatives. Haworth synthesis; Anthracene and phenanthrene. Reactivity and carcinogenicity of PAHs. 6. Heterocyclic Compounds. Names and properties. Pyrrole, furan and thiophene. Aromaticity; basic and acidic character, electrophilic substitution reactions. Ring opening and cycloaddition reactions. Pyridine: electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution; basicity, reduction and oxidation. Pyrimidine and imidazole. Indole. Quinoline and isoquinoline. Synthetic approaches to selected heterocyclic compounds. 7. Experimental Organic Chemistry. Study-Unit Aims: The aim of this study-unit is to provide students with an in depth understanding of the physical, chemical properties simple organic compounds containing heteroatoms as detailed in the study-unit description. Special emphasis will be given to the stereochemical, as well as regiochemical, aspects of the mechanistic pathways of the reactions involving the organic compounds presented in the study-unit. Furthermore, students will also be exposed to laboratory classes to perform organic chemistry experiments and interpret results. Learning Outcomes: 1. Knowledge & Understanding: By the end of the study-unit the student will be able to: - Classify organic compounds presented in the course in relation to the functional groups present in the molecule and assign them the appropriate name according to the IUPAC rules. - Illustrate the physical properties, reactivity and the main reaction mechanisms of aliphatic and aromatic amines and other aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds. - Plan the synthesis of simple organic compounds. 2. Skills: By the end of the study-unit the student will be able to: - Analyse and solve abstract technical problems. - Apply concepts to a broad range of scientific problems beyond the scope of this subject. - Perform organic chemistry experiments safely. - Check the correctness and reliability of results. - Interpret correctly and verify the results of organic experiments. - Discuss results of experimental work in relation to established knowledge. Main Text/s and any supplementary readings: Main Texts: Vollhardt, K. Peter C., Schore, Neil E., Organic Chemistry, Structure and Function. (latest edition) W. H. Freeman & Co. ISBN: 7167-9949-9. Mc Murry J., Organic Chemistry. (latest edition) Thomson Brooks/Cole. Supplementary Reading: Sykes P.l., A Guidebook to Mechanisms in Organic Chemistry. (latest edition) Longman Publishing Group. ISBN: 0-582-44695-3. Note: Students do not need to buy all suggested main texts but only one of them. |
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| ADDITIONAL NOTES | Please note that a pass in the Practical component is obligatory for an overall pass mark to be awarded. Pre-Requisite Study-Unit: CHE2365 |
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| STUDY-UNIT TYPE | Lecture, Independent Study, Practicum & Tutorial | ||||||||||||
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| LECTURER/S | David C. Magri |
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The University makes every effort to ensure that the published Courses Plans, Programmes of Study and Study-Unit information are complete and up-to-date at the time of publication. The University reserves the right to make changes in case errors are detected after publication.
The availability of optional units may be subject to timetabling constraints. Units not attracting a sufficient number of registrations may be withdrawn without notice. It should be noted that all the information in the description above applies to study-units available during the academic year 2025/6. It may be subject to change in subsequent years. |
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