OAR@UM Collection: /library/oar/handle/123456789/3472 2025-12-20T03:10:12Z 2025-12-20T03:10:12Z Measuring governance performance across countries according to four global databases : a focus on small states Briguglio, Lino /library/oar/handle/123456789/141308 2025-11-14T11:17:41Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Title: Measuring governance performance across countries according to four global databases : a focus on small states Authors: Briguglio, Lino Abstract: The objective of this paper is mainly to assess the governance scores of small states on four well-known global indices, comparing such scores with those of larger countries. In doing so, the paper briefly discusses the meaning of governance and compares the four global indices with each other. In this analysis, small states are considered to be those with a population of 2 million or less. One of the findings of this study is that the four indices show that small states, on average, tend to register higher scores when compared to other categories of countries, but there is a wide dispersion of government scores within each country category, in all four indices. The paper concludes, therefore, that one cannot argue that small countrysize is necessarily a factor leading to better or worse governance simply by averaging the governance across scores. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z United States-Caribbean trade relations : geopolitical challenges, economic dynamics and policy pathways Dookeran, Winston Valenciano, Andres Perroti, Daniel E. /library/oar/handle/123456789/140704 2025-10-29T12:57:00Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Title: United States-Caribbean trade relations : geopolitical challenges, economic dynamics and policy pathways Authors: Dookeran, Winston; Valenciano, Andres; Perroti, Daniel E. Abstract: The U.S.-Caribbean relationship sits at a crossroads. As power shifts to a multipolar world, Caribbean states are moving from dependency to strategic multi-alignment to protect autonomy and widen partnerships. Despite decades of trade preferences, economies remain narrow and vulnerable to shocks; COVID-19 has accelerated the pivot. We offer a six-pillar framework - export diversification, regional integration, and institutional strengthening among them - to recalibrate ties while honouring sovereignty. The analysis shows how small states can reshape partnerships for stability and shared prosperity, and how renewed U.S.–Caribbean cooperation can build regional resilience in an interdependent era. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Recent trends in the United States and Caribbean trade relations Dookeran, Winston Valenciano, Andres Perrotti, Daniel E. /library/oar/handle/123456789/140689 2025-10-29T07:26:03Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Title: Recent trends in the United States and Caribbean trade relations Authors: Dookeran, Winston; Valenciano, Andres; Perrotti, Daniel E. Abstract: This paper examines recent trends in United States-Caribbean trade relations (2021–2024), highlighting persistent structural asymmetries and limited diversification. Goods exchanges remain concentrated in energy, transportation, and food, while services are dominated by tourism, leaving the region vulnerable to external shocks. Using concentration measures, the study confirms high dependence on a narrow range of products and partners. While identifying emerging opportunities in digital services, renewable energy, and the blue economy, it underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to foster resilience. A companion paper by the same authors complements this analysis by outlining policy proposals to address these vulnerabilities. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z A systematic review of community-based volcanic risk reduction and adaptation to the compound and cascading impacts of climate change in volcanic SIDS Cruickshank, Allanson Moncada, Stefano Thomas, Adelle /library/oar/handle/123456789/130290 2025-01-03T13:07:45Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Title: A systematic review of community-based volcanic risk reduction and adaptation to the compound and cascading impacts of climate change in volcanic SIDS Authors: Cruickshank, Allanson; Moncada, Stefano; Thomas, Adelle Abstract: This systematic literature review examined approaches to community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) and community-based adaptation (CBA) in response to both volcanic hazards and climate change in small island developing states (SIDS). There is a dearth of research on this topic in the existing literature. The SCOPUS, Web of Science and SpringerLink databases were searched using the PRISMA 2020 method. The review yielded 50 relevant articles out of the initial 14,652. Several papers focused directly on either community approaches to disaster risk reduction (DRR) or climate change adaptation (CCA), showing that there is still room for addressing these issues jointly. Additionally, key themes were the role of indigenous and local knowledge, culture, religion and the importance of social capital in the implementation of CBDRR and CBA. Case studies of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Dominica were also included in the paper. A key finding of the review and the case studies was that CBDRR and CBA approaches can be combined in order to avoid the duplication of efforts and resources, especially important in the context of SIDS, where these resources are often scarce and research rarely assesses the compound impacts of climatic and non-climatic events. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z