OAR@UM Collection: /library/oar/handle/123456789/54294 2026-05-28T22:11:45Z 2026-05-28T22:11:45Z The association between foot posture and lower leg and foot injuries in long-distance runners. /library/oar/handle/123456789/54684 2020-11-15T07:02:26Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Title: The association between foot posture and lower leg and foot injuries in long-distance runners. Abstract: Objective Lower leg and foot injuries in long-distance runners are commonly associated with foot morphology although other extrinsic factors may be implicated. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is any association between foot posture and lower leg and foot injuries in Maltese long-distance runners. Research Method 30 non-recreational long-distance runners, following a regular schedule by running 25 km every week or more, and had previously sustained at least one lower leg injury, participated in a quantitative, retrospective, cross-sectional study. The Foot Posture Index, FPI-6, was used to classify the foot type, i.e. neutral, pronated, (low-arched), or supinated, (high-arched). Each participant was asked to fill in a questionnaire, designed to obtain specific information about the type and nature of injury, influencing factors and other basic data. For the purpose of this study the lower leg and the foot were divided in 4 sites, namely, the forefoot, rearfoot, lower leg and knee. Descriptive and statistical analysis were both used to point out any association between foot posture and lower leg and foot injury patterns in long-distance runners. Results The results of this study show that although there is no direct association between foot posture and lower leg and foot injuries, the effect of static foot posture can be injury specific. The most common site of injury was the rearfoot, (54.1 %), followed by the knee, (21.6%), the lower leg, (16.2%) and the forefoot, (8.1%). Low-arched runners reported a greater incidence of plantar rearfoot and anterior knee injuries, while high-arched runners complained more from lateral injuries such as lateral ankle pain and lateral knee pain. 14 out of the 37 injuries were reported by runners exhibiting a neutral foot structure. However in the latter group, the reported injuries were distributed more evenly between the 4 sites, with most of the athletes complaining from mild pain in contrast with the moderate to severe pain reported by both the low-arched and high-arched participants. Conclusion The results of the current study are consistent with previous studies and confirm that the nature and pattern of injuries in long-distance running is multi-factorial. It is evident that while foot type predisposes the runners to injury, the onset can be facilitated by extrinsic factors. In conclusion, understanding the association between different foot types and injury patterns is very relevant in clinical practice because this will certainly facilitate and improve treatment strategies when addressing running injuries. Description: B.SC.(HONS)PODIATRY 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z An exploratory study of student satisfaction in podiatry degree programs in Malta. /library/oar/handle/123456789/54635 2020-11-13T17:07:08Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Title: An exploratory study of student satisfaction in podiatry degree programs in Malta. Abstract: OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore student satisfaction amongst students currently reading their BSc Podiatry course inside the Institute of Healthcare in the University of Malta. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD An exploratory quantitative study was conducted on 19 Maltese BSc Podiatry students registered with the University of Malta. Upon consent each student was given an NSS/SSS questionnaire to answer and return anonymously to the secretary of the Podiatry Department. RESULTS The study's findings have concluded that current Podiatry students inside the University of Malta are satisfied (P=0.001) with the course program. More over, this study highlighted the fact that fourth year students seemed to be more satisfied with the course than the third year students. Males were more satisfied than females and age was not significant towards student satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrated that students are overall satisfied with the BSc Podiatry course currently running inside the University of Malta. However, mean scores have demonstrated that in a few course aspects students are less satisfied with the current provision. The results of this study will be disseminated to the Podiatry school inside the University of Malta in which this study took place and recommendations for practice will be suggested. It is hoped that following these suggestions, improvements to the course will be made where necessary to enhance student satisfaction. Description: B.SC.(HONS)PODIATRY 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z A comparison of forefoot pressures in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients and non-rheumatic subjects in Malta. /library/oar/handle/123456789/54613 2020-11-15T07:02:30Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Title: A comparison of forefoot pressures in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients and non-rheumatic subjects in Malta. Abstract: Purpose of the study The objective of this study is to assess peak plantar pressures in the forefoot region of patients with newly diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) as compared to Non-Rheumatoid Arthritis participants from the general population in Malta. Research design and method A quasi-experimental unmatched study was conducted in the Podiatry Department at Birkirkara Health Centre. Ten Rheumatoid Arthritis participants were selected from the Rheumatology Clinic at Mater Dei Hospital. The other ten participants were selected from the general population. Participants were recruited during the period commencing June 2008 and ending October 2008. Each group consisted of seven females and three males between the ages of 30 to 55 years. Every RA participant was matched for age, gender and weight to another participant from the general population. This was done to exclude any known external factors that could influence the peak plantar pressure results recorded. All participants recruited were asked to attend the Podiatry Department at Birkirkara Health Centre for pressure measurement using the HR Mat® system. Prior data collection all participants were weighed using a digital portable scale and the result was used to calibrate the pressure mat. Any hyperkeratotic lesions present were debrided so as not to increase the pressure recorded. Peak pressure data was only recorded for the participant's dominant foot using the two step protocol. A period of acclimatization was given to all participants so to adapt well to the environment prior data collection. The forefoot was divided into specific regions which were the Hallux, 1st metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ), 2nd_4th MPJs and the fifth MPJ for peak plantar pressure measurement. From the recorded data five trials of each foot mask were selected by the researcher on basis of best practice data selection. Results and conclusions From the collected data it was found that there was no significant difference (p-value 0.05) in peak plantar pressure at the Hallux region between the RA and the Non-RA groups. However, there was statistical difference (p-value 0.05) in all the other regions. The RA group had higher significance pressure underneath the 1st and 2nd- 4th MP J regions whilst the Non-RA had higher peak pressures (p-value 0.05) underneath the 5th MPJ. The results showed that even at an early stage of RA, forefoot pressures are shifted towards the medial MPJs. This pressure distribution is not due to a compensatory process to pain as all participants confirmed to be pain free during the study. This implies that early podiatric management for the increased medial forefoot pressures should be considered. The need for regular foot pressure monitoring and assessment was also highlighted as these give valuable insight in disease progression. Need for further research is recommended to investigate the same patients over an adequate period to determine pressure distribution during RA progression. Description: B.SC.(HONS)PODIATRY 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Patient satisfaction with podiatry care offered in health centre in Malta. /library/oar/handle/123456789/54579 2020-11-13T16:52:25Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Title: Patient satisfaction with podiatry care offered in health centre in Malta. Abstract: OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to identify patient's views and opinions about the current podiatry service offered in the Maltese National health Service and to determine whether there is a difference in patients' views and opinion amongst the 8 different podiatry clinics across the Maltese Island. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD An exploratory quantitative study was conducted on 80 Maltese subjects who had been attending podiatry services offered by the Maltese Primary Health Care System for at least one year. 10 subjects were randomly selected from each of the eight Health Centres (HC) in Malta, which included Birkirkara HC, Cospiqua HC, Floriana HC, Gzira HC, Mosta HC, Paola HC, Qormi HC and Rabat HC from August 2008 to December 2008. Each of the participants was interviewed once during this study. The 'Bassetlaw (NHS) Primary Care Trust Patient Satisfaction Survey' was used to explore patient satisfaction. RESULTS The study's findings have concluded that Maltese patients visiting the podiatry NHS clinics are overall satisfied with the current service rendered to them (P 0.000). However further statistical analysis has demonstrated a statistical difference between clinics in patient satisfaction with some aspects of podiatric care and management. Variation in patient satisfaction between clinics was shown for the ease of contacting the podiatry department by telephone (P 0.000), the quality of the phone service and telephone staff (P 0.000), the appointment booking system (P 0.000), quality of care given by the podiatrist (P 0.001), amount of time the podiatrist spends with patients (P 0.000), podiatrist's patience regarding patients' questions or worries (P 0.015), the podiatrist's explanation of patient treatment (P 0.008), and regarding advice given to patients about improving their foot health (P 0.000). CONCLUSIONS This study has indicated an overall satisfaction with current podiatry service in Malta. This study has also indicated that Maltese patients differ in opinion regarding different aspects and the level of service rendered to them in the 8 podiatry clinics around Malta. Results demonstrated that although the 8 clinics are under the same management, different quality levels of care were obtained from individual podiatry clinics. Further research in diverse settings such as in private clinics and private hospitals where populations may differ from the one stncliecl here may yield further information as to patient's perception with podiatric services in Malta. Description: B.SC.(HONS)PODIATRY 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z