/library/oar/handle/123456789/1911 Fri, 26 Dec 2025 20:39:42 GMT 2025-12-26T20:39:42Z /library/oar/handle/123456789/40870 Title: Regulating fixed-odd betting on esports Abstract: The first chapter of this study will seek to give a detailed overview of what esports is by going through the history of the subject, how to came on about and how it grew and developed at such a fast pace throughout these past decades. The second chapter of this study discusses the core concepts and objectives of this study. It delves into the importance of sports integrity and it utilises a comparison between betting on traditional sports and betting on electronic sports. The findings and the results that arise out of betting on traditional sports are compared to the ones of betting on electronic sports and this serves as the core of the term paper since by making this comparison, one can see the shortcomings that are present when one deals with betting on electronic sports as oppose to betting on traditional sports. With traditional sports, it is much easier to control the illegalities and the irregularities that emerge out of betting on such sports but with electronic sports, there is still a clear deficit when it comes to betting because as a sport it is relatively new to the scene. However, even though it is quite new and modern, it does not stop the sport from growing at a very fast pace and gaining a lot of popularity. The third chapter discusses what fixed-odd betting is and it also discusses the many different concepts that arise out of electronic sports, concepts such as skin gambling which is accountable for a large number of illegalities that arise out of electronic sports. This chapter then moves on to discussing what is already being done in order to combat against all of these illegalities and it also sets out a number of proposals, which if they are implemented could really be successful at combatting against these illegalities. Finally, the fourth and final chapter brings together the entire aim of this study and the objectives that this study tries to reach. This chapter discusses the proposed gaming legal reform and highlights the positives that emerge out of this much needed legal reform however it also targets the inadequacies that are still very much present in the gaming and the betting sphere particularly in the regard of esports and betting on esports. Description: LL.B Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT /library/oar/handle/123456789/40870 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z /library/oar/handle/123456789/40819 Title: The right to life and legal freedom : a legal analysis regarding the protection of developing embryos Abstract: Abortion is one of the most hotly controversial issues debated in our society as most people relate to it on an emotional and moral level. This term paper aims to discover on how the unborn child is protected by the legislation, and how the rights of the mother, the father and the unborn differ from each other. In order to arrive at such conclusion, my study will look at various different legislations which directly, or indirectly regulate abortion. The research touches upon various aspects of abortion ranging from the historical development of abortion to the different methods used to terminate a pregnancy. The scientific aspect of abortion is of utmost importance in my opinion because it affects how we interpret the law to a certain extent, therefore my research also touched upon the “viability” of a foetus. My term paper focuses on the unborn and its rights and seeks to understand how different courts interpret the law differently in case law. It finally focuses on the legal status of the unborn in Malta and whether Malta is paving its way to introduce abortion or not. Description: LL.B Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT /library/oar/handle/123456789/40819 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z /library/oar/handle/123456789/40809 Title: The Media and Defamation Act of 2017 : pitfalls avoided and issues that persist from Bill 192 to Bill 17 Abstract: A 44-year old Act regulating the Press in Malta, virtually unchanged for the past 22 years, is finally being overhauled. Two Bills were tabled in Parliament in the past 12 months. The first Bill, that fell following the dissolution of Parliament, had numerous issues. Namely; retaining pending criminal proceedings under a law that no longer existed; introducing the compulsory registration of websites, on pain of a €1,000 fine and the loss of protection of journalistic sources upon failure to register and doubling the maximum damages that could be awarded. The second Bill presented a marked improvement on the previous Bill as it eliminated these issues but other issues remain. This paper will examine the pitfalls that were avoided in the previous Bill and the issues that persist with the current Bill. Notably; the non-inclusion of the warrant of prohibitory injunction in the provision precluding the use precautionary warrants against journalists and media houses; the possibility of giving the Courts discretion, in some cases, to reverse the burden of proof in cases where the defendant is applying the defence of truth and the prospect of cross-border defamation lawsuits. The latter is arguably the largest threat facing the Maltese media landscape. While in rejecting the Opposition anti-SLAPP amendments, the Government may be on legally sound footing, other avenues to protect freedom of expression in the country need to be pursued. As a Member State whose media have already been silenced by a powerful corporate player taking advantage of EU regulations, Malta should be spearheading the drive for EU legislation to combat cross-border libel tourism and SLAPP. Such a threat is aimed at the very existence of media pluralism and independent journalism in the country. Description: LL.B Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT /library/oar/handle/123456789/40809 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z /library/oar/handle/123456789/40772 Title: The importance of blockchain including cryptocurrencies to the further development of the remote gaming industry Abstract: This paper is placed within the context of the emergent political and sociological critiques of the implementation of blockchain technologies and its derivatives in the remote gaming industry. Such critiques have engaged in debates with respect to the legal implications that such technology might have on the remote gaming industry. Given the amount of scrutiny and general interest in the adoption of blockchain technology, regulators have shown the need to explore the possibilities of creating a legal framework. Given how profitable the remote gaming industry is, the creation of frameworks to regulate the adoption of blockchain technology and its derivatives is vital for the protection of internal and external stakeholders. The first chapter of this academic paper will give a thorough introduction to blockchain. Additionally, a study will be presented showing the multiple uses of blockchain technology– such as in public service sectors, financial sectors and lastly the gaming sector. The methodology and literature review will be briefly discussed within the second chapter. Furthermore, the third chapter will examine the various legal risks and challenges that blockchain and cryptocurrency technologies will present to regulators and remote gaming operators. The fourth chapter will discuss the developments and benefits of utilising blockchain and cryptocurrency technology in the context of the remote gaming industry. Particular focus will be given to the legal benefits derived from such technologies. However, an inter-disciplinary sub chapter regarding the financial benefit(s) of these technologies in the remote gaming industry will be presented. A comparative review of the current and proposed regulatory frameworks will be presented within the fifth chapter. Moreover, reference will be made to the opinions given by the MGA on the adoption of these technologies. Lastly, the sixth chapter will seek to conclude the term paper. Description: LL.B Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT /library/oar/handle/123456789/40772 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z