/library/oar/handle/123456789/70407 Mon, 29 Dec 2025 16:55:23 GMT 2025-12-29T16:55:23Z /library/oar/handle/123456789/123338 Title: The diplomatic role of Malta in Euro-Maghreb relations Abstract: This study will concentrate in the diplomatic role of Malta in the Euro Maghreb relations. In one of Profs. Stephen Calleya book, Evaluating Euro Mediterranean Relations, he talks about two international regions that emerge around the Mediterranean a quasi-comprehensive European region and an intergovernmental dominant Middle East region with limited transnational ties. This Middle East region is further divided into two sub regions, the Mashreq and the Maghreb. These different sub regions are characterized by different levels of development. The success of any partnership would have to be based on the stability in this geostrategic region I will look at Malta and its relations with the Maghreb countries and how its geographical position and its integration in the EU have helped shape its foreign policy and improve Euro Maghreb relations. I will also try to examine if the Maghreb countries are of any importance to Europe and its union. The thesis will first look at a geopolitical overview as its introduction. The first chapter will examine a historical overview of the Arab Maghreb Countries, while the second will focus on developments . in Euro Maghreb Relations. It will tackle all the major relations and dialogue that occurred between Europe and the Maghreb. The third chapter will than look at Malta's Foreign Policy both prior its European union membership and integration and as well after. The fourth chapter will analyse Malta 's bilateral relations with two specific Maghreb countries, which are Libya and Tunisia. Unfortunately, only two countries can be analyzed due to limited time. The final chapter will be the conclusion. Description: M.A.DIPLOMATIC STUD. Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT /library/oar/handle/123456789/123338 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z /library/oar/handle/123456789/123261 Title: Recognition of genocide : the Armenian struggle after the 1st genocide of the 20th century Abstract: The Armenian Genocide of 1915 was the tremendously vicious historical moment that eliminated a people from its lands and wiped away the majority of the substantial proof of its three thousand years of material and spiritual culture. The catastrophe, which was unprecedented, may be seen as the peak of the constant persecutions, and massacres of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, especially since the 1890s. This dissertation begins with a brief introduction regarding what is genocide, according the UN Convention on Genocide in December 1948, which came into effect in January 1951. A small summary regarding the happenings of 1915 follows, after which a small description of what the "battle" of the Armenians for recognition of this genocide is. Chapter 1 focuses on the reign of Sultan Hamid, and the insurgence of the movement known as the Young Turks. A detailed account of what happened in the region of Adana follows, including , in the last section of this chapter, the road to 1915, mostly the events regarding the Turks, the Balkan Wars, and the involvement of the Ottomans in World War 1. These events are all a prelude to the tragedy that happened in 1915, described in Chapter 2 with a concise explanation of what can be called a government planned genocide portrayed in the events of Van, in spring 1915, and the horrible day of April 24. Chapter 3 points towards the conflicting perspectives of the Turkish and Armenians in regards of these dreadful events, while Chapter 4 examines the perspective of other various actors involved, such as Britain, Germany, and the USA In conclusion, a portrait of what is being done today in order to move towards recognition is given, including a brief summary of the relationship between Turks and Armenians of these days. Description: M.A.DIPLOMATIC STUD. Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT /library/oar/handle/123456789/123261 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z /library/oar/handle/123456789/101804 Title: Walled : divided societies and impact on identity Abstract: This research aims to understand how and if walls built during conflicts have an impact on identity. Walls are a common mechanism of conflict dating back in history, but serve varying purposes. Whatever the reason, walled societies undergo transformations not only during a wall's existence, but after the wall is removed or opened, leaving residual damage. These transformations affect the identity structures and related areas of basic human needs and security that have changed over time. To better understand the impact on individuals and society at-large, a flexible research design employing symbolic interactionism, ethnographic studies and data collection through secondary sources will be used in a comparative case study. The Berlin Wall in Germany and the Green Line in Cyprus are the two cases chosen because of their similar and different identity qualities, as well as presenting a historical and contemporary context. Both examples utilize physical division barriers to provide specific functions, but have separationist side effects. Overall, this thesis seeks to demonstrate that walled societies compromise and shift the identity, well-being and security of a person, group and/or nation. Description: M.A.CONFLICT RES.&MED.STUD. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT /library/oar/handle/123456789/101804 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z /library/oar/handle/123456789/101504 Title: Protracted conflict and food insecurity in Africa : case studies of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Somalia Abstract: Food insecurity exists when people do not have adequate physical, social or economic access to food. This impacts millions of lives every day and often times countries that are food insecure have populations that are more likely to live below the international poverty line. Although the international community is committed to halving the proportion of people suffering from malnutrition from 1990-2015, the efforts to accomplish this goal have been limited and is still significantly far away from its target. Africa suffers immensely from food insecurity; the prevalence of conflict makes it difficult to address the problem because the violence results in fragmented communities, instability, and individuals leaving their homes to find alternate food solutions. This in turn results in lowered food production due to an inability to cultivate the land because it is either too unsafe to do so or because the land has been abandoned. Subsequently, due to lowered food production African countries' economies are negatively impacted because agriculture accounts for a large proportion of their gross domestic product and employment. As a result of a lowered production rate, the dependence on international aid increases. In some cases, violence and food insecurity have become commonplace and organisations have failed to resolve the issue for decades. If the goal to reduce and eventually eradicate global hunger is to be achieved, it is necessary that food insecurity and conflict are properly dealt with. Humanitarian organisations must go beyond short-term response mechanisms and implement long-term measures as well. Even though some countries may have achieved positive peace after conflict has ceased, it is not guaranteed that food security will result and that future grievances may not be expressed. It is imperative that organisations commit to assisting countries to achieve stability, transparent governments, and productive economies so as to avoid future occurrences of food insecurity and conflict. This study assesses the relationship between protracted conflict and food security in Africa. By assessing the factors that contribute to conflict and weaken a country's food security, it was found that there is a direct correlation between the two factors however it is not guaranteed that food insecurity will result in conflict. The study analyses the response mechanisms that have been adopted by international organisations and evaluates their effectiveness at addressing the immediate problems and long-term consequences associated with conflict and insecurity. The Democratic Republic of the Congo and Somalia are case studies that are used to examine the impacts of food security as a result of conflict. Both countries demonstrate how a lack of functioning, transparent government and prevalence of violence throughout the country severely impacts people's lives and accessibility to food which results in mass displacement. This makes it extremely difficult for humanitarian organisations to implement response mechanisms to improve the livelihoods of individuals, and while immediate food aid is helpful, it is only a temporary response. In order to properly address protracted conflict and food insecurity, it is necessary that humanitarian organisations develop response mechanisms that address immediate food needs as well as help to reduce the prevalence of conflict. In addition, it has proven to be beneficial to take into consideration other factors that are impacted as a result of conflict and food insecurity; addressing gender needs as well as ensuring access to education have both proven to significantly improve individuals' livelihoods. Ensuring that these needs are addressed will help reduce the prevalence of food insecurity and conflict in the world and also help to work towards the other Millennium Development Goals to improve the lives of the world's poorest. This requires long-term commitment on the part of international organisations that are willing to ensure that the symptoms that result in protracted conflict and food insecurity are properly dealt with. Otherwise, there lies the risk of cyclical outbreaks of violence and food insecurity which negatively impacts individuals' livelihoods and moves further away from achieving the goal of eradicating world hunger. Description: M.A.CONFLICT RES.&MED.STUD. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT /library/oar/handle/123456789/101504 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z