Technical knowledge as a determinant of ESG implementation in the electric power and transport sectors

Abstract

PURPOSE: This study examines the role of technical knowledge in the implementation of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) strategies within the electric power and transport sectors鈥攖wo industries critical to sustainable development and subject to increasing regulatory scrutiny under the European Green Deal.

DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Based on a survey of professionals from both sectors in Poland, the research explores ESG awareness, reporting practices, internal communication, and the involvement of technical personnel in ESG-related activities.

FINDINGS: The results reveal a generally low level of ESG awareness and engagement across both sectors. A substantial proportion of respondents were unaware of whether their companies produce ESG reports, and many reported a lack of formalized ESG procedures or access to relevant information. Despite this, most respondents recognize the importance of ESG for corporate reputation and stakeholder trust, indicating a disconnect between perceived value and actual practice. Notably, respondents highlighted limited managerial involvement in ESG initiatives and a lack of systematic practices, such as energy monitoring or carbon footprint analysis. However, there is strong interest in ESG training, particularly among technical staff, suggesting an untapped opportunity for capacity building. The study also identifies a need for improved data standardization and the integration of operational knowledge into ESG reporting processes.

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Recommendations include mandatory ESG training, the standardization of data collection and reporting, and a stronger role for technical teams in ESG strategy development. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of leadership commitment and enhanced transparency toward both internal and external stakeholders. While ESG implementation remains nascent in the sectors studied, the findings highlight significant potential for progress. Leveraging technical expertise, improving communication, and institutionalizing ESG practices can strengthen organizational sustainability, compliance, and reputation.

ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The study contributes to the limited literature addressing ESG in these sectors and offers practical insights for advancing ESG maturity in industrial contexts.