Enhancing airport security : the role of artificial intelligence and automation in threat detection

Abstract

The growing complexity of security threats and the increasing volume of global air travel necessitate advanced security solutions beyond traditional screening methods. This study explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence and automation in airport security, particularly in enhancing threat detection and operational efficiency. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and expert interviews, the research evaluates the feasibility, benefits and challenges of that AI-driven security technologies bring about. Findings indicate that AI significantly improves screening efficiency, reduces human error and enhances threat detection accuracy. AI-powered security systems, such as automated baggage screening and behaviour detection, offer notable advantages over manual screening processes. However, the study highlights critical concerns, including algorithmic bias, privacy risks and regulatory challenges. Despite general public support for AI in airport security, expert insights stress the necessity of maintaining human oversight to ensure ethical decision-making and operational reliability. The study concludes that while AI integration in airport security holds transformative potential, a hybrid model combining AI with human expertise remains the most effective approach. Recommendations include implementing strict data protection policies, enhancing regulatory frameworks and investing in workforce training to facilitate AI adoption. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on AI-driven security, emphasizing the need for balanced and ethical implementation strategies in aviation security.