Family dynamics and adolescent development : exploring the influences of family support, communication, and activities

Abstract

The family serves as a primary context for adolescent development, shaping various aspects of wellbeing through elements such as family communication, support, and activities. Thus, the family exerts a profound influence on adolescent development across various domains, including social, emotional, and cognitive functioning. Family support, communication and activities play pivotal roles in shaping adolescents' identities, behaviours, and wellbeing. This study aims to explore how adolescents in Malta perceive the functioning of their families and the relationship between these perceived family dynamics and adolescent wellbeing indicators, including life satisfaction and resilience. The study uses Malta data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey, an international research initiative that examines the health behaviours of 11-, 13-, and 15-year-olds within social contexts. In Malta, Data were collected from students in Years 7, 9, and 11 following the established HBSC methodology. This study employs correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to analyse these complex relationships. Key findings reveal negative trends in family communication, family support, and parental support as adolescents progress through school, with older students reporting less frequent communication and lower levels of support compared to their younger peers. Males perceived slightly higher levels of family support and communication compared to females. Findings can thus inform strategies and priorities to enhance awareness and resources directed towards familial relationships and support systems essential for promoting better family relationships.