Simulating quantum channels : a focus on optical communication

Abstract

This thesis presents an initial step toward developing a comprehensive applied simulator for quantum channels. It adopts a hybrid approach, modelling classical optical transmission followed by photon detection using Geiger-mode detectors. The simulation tracks beam propagation through various optical components, while independently tracking amplitude, shape, losses, and polarisation. The detection stage is modelled probabilistically using Monte Carlo methods, accounting for dark counts. A simplified guide on how a BB84 quantum key distribution protocol can be implemented is included as a proof of concept. While based on certain assumptions and idealisations, the simulator establishes a modular foundation for future work toward a full quantum communication network simulation.